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Can you prevent the progression of keratoconus?

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Keratoconus is a common eye condition that many people experience.It is a progressive eye condition that requires careful attention.It primarily affects the cornea, causing it to thin and gradually bulge into a cone-like shape. Due to corneal irregularity, individuals experience distorted vision and difficulty seeing clearly. Experts suggest that genetics and environmental factors contribute to the development of keratoconus, but the exact cause remains unclear. Most commonly the eye rubbing habit and allergies are known to contribute to its development.Although there is no cure, modern treatments and proactive lifestyle changes can help manage the condition and prevent further progression.

Understanding keratoconus progression

Keratoconus typically begins in adolescence or early adulthood, gradually worsening over time. Early signs include blurry vision, sensitivity to light, frequent changes in eyeglass prescription, and difficulty seeing at night. Left untreated, the disease can lead to severe visual impairment. In advanced stages, the cornea may become significantly scarred, requiring more invasive interventions like corneal transplants.

 

preventing-keratoconus-progression

How can you prevent the progression of keratoconus?

Although there is no cure, the progression of keratoconus can be slowed with a multifaceted approach combining medical interventions and lifestyle modifications.

  • One of the most important factors in preventing the progression of keratoconus is early detection. Regular eye exams can identify the early signs of the condition, allowing for timely intervention. Once diagnosed, regular monitoring is essential. Patients should visit their ophthalmologist or optometrist regularly to track the condition’s progression and adjust treatment plans accordingly. Monitoring the thickness and shape of the cornea can help determine if the disease is advancing, allowing for timely interventions.
  • Corneal cross-linking is a revolutionary treatment that can effectively halt the progression of keratoconus. This procedure strengthens the corneal tissue by creating new bonds between collagen fibers. During the procedure, riboflavin drops are applied to the eye, followed by controlled exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. This causes the collagen fibers to stiffen, making the cornea more resistant to bulging.
  • For individuals with keratoconus, traditional eyeglasses or soft contact lenses often fail to provide adequate vision correction due to the irregular shape of the cornea. Specialty contact lenses, such as rigid gas-permeable (RGP) lenses, scleral lenses, or hybrid lenses, can offer significant improvements in vision by providing a more regular surface for light to pass through. Specialty lenses not only improve visual acuity but also reduce the risk of further eye strain and discomfort, making them an essential tool in managing keratoconus.
  • One of the simplest yet most effective ways to prevent the progression of keratoconus is to avoid eye rubbing. Frequent rubbing can worsen corneal thinning and lead to increased irregularities in its shape. This habit is especially harmful to individuals predisposed to keratoconus, as it can accelerate the disease's progression.
  • Allergies and dry eyes are common contributors to keratoconus progression. The chronic irritation and inflammation caused by allergic reactions or dry eye syndrome often lead to excessive eye rubbing, which further exacerbates the condition.
  • Exposure to UV light can contribute to the breakdown of collagen fibers in the cornea, accelerating the thinning and weakening associated with keratoconus. Wearing sunglasses with 100% UV protection can help shield the eyes from harmful rays and reduce the risk of damage.
  • While keratoconus is primarily a corneal condition, overall health plays a role in eye health. A balanced diet rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals can support eye health and collagen production. Staying hydrated and avoiding smoking, which can damage collagen, is crucial for maintaining healthy eye tissues.

Getting an expert’s consultation

If you are diagnosed with keratoconus, proper medical attention is crucial. Early detection and medical interventions can help slow the progression of the condition. Book your appointment with The Eye Foundation  for expert guidance in managing keratoconus and preventing further vision damage.

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